Health
Internal medicine specialist Dr. Yelena Aleksentseva explains that persistent, atypical body odor—such as acetone-like, ammonia-like, or rotten-egg scents—may signal underlying liver, kidney, or diabetes conditions, not just poor hygiene.

Dr. Yelena Aleksentseva, an internal medicine specialist, states that natural sweat is nearly odorless. The scent perceived by humans arises only when sweat secretions interact with bacteria residing on the skin’s surface.
This interaction produces volatile compounds responsible for each individual’s distinctive body odor. The process occurs most actively in the axillary and inguinal regions.
Aleksentseva emphasizes that altered body odor does not always reflect inadequate personal hygiene. It may instead indicate latent medical disorders. Unusual odor patterns can point to hepatic or renal disease. Specifically, diabetes may produce an acetone-like smell; kidney dysfunction may yield an ammonia-like odor; and liver disease may manifest as a rotten-egg scent.
She notes that odor strength depends on multiple variables: sweat volume, skin condition, microbiome composition, genetic factors, diet, and lifestyle. Increased sweating fosters a bacteria-rich environment. Hair in certain anatomical areas retains moisture, thereby intensifying odor. Regular bathing alone may not suffice, as hormonal shifts, stress, or consumption of garlic, onions, spicy seasonings, and alcohol can significantly alter body odor—some of their components being excreted through the skin.
Aleksentseva advises consulting a specialist if no clear cause for the odor change is identifiable—particularly when the alteration persists over time. Certain medical conditions generate characteristic odors that clinicians may use during initial diagnostic assessment.
She recommends maintaining consistent personal hygiene, selecting appropriate skincare products, and wearing breathable clothing. Deodorants mask odor, whereas antiperspirants reduce sweat production itself.
Aleksentseva concludes that body odor results from a complex interplay among skin physiology, bacterial activity, dietary intake, and overall health status—and that any noticeable, sustained change warrants medical follow-up.



