Recording sleep aids GP diagnosis for widespread apnoea issue

Dr Sandip Banerjee, a Respiratory Consultant and Sleep Specialist at Private Sleep Clinic, reports that approximately 80 per cent of sleep apnoea cases in the United Kingdom go undetected. He estimates that between 8 and 10 million people live with the condition, despite its prevalence being well known within medical circles.

Morning symptoms indicate airway blockage

The specialist describes sleep apnoea as an "incredibly undiagnosed condition" that significantly impacts daily life. Individuals often experience a very dry mouth and throat upon waking, alongside occasional morning headaches caused by hypoxia. Throughout the day, patients typically report feeling more tired than expected, accompanied by heightened fatigue and weakness.

Sleep apnoea serves as a blanket term for disorders where breathing stops and starts repeatedly during the night. Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is the most common variant, occurring when throat and soft tissues relax during sleep to create an airway blockage. This obstruction causes constant sleep disruption as the body struggles to obtain sufficient oxygen, with intermittent hypoxia acting as a hallmark feature.

Risks include diabetes and heart failure

Chronic sleep deprivation linked to this condition affects metabolism and increases the likelihood of developing insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and fatty liver disease. The repeated interruption of breathing causes blood oxygen levels to drop, forcing the brain to wake the individual just enough to breathe. These sudden oxygen drops trigger a flood of stress hormones that strain the cardiovascular system.

Over time, this nighttime stress raises the risk of high blood pressure, irregular heart rhythms, heart attacks, heart failure, and stroke. Dr Banerjee notes that OSA is associated with a greater risk of cardiovascular issues such as hypertension, atrial fibrillation, coronary artery disease, and eventual heart failure. An increased likelihood of poor mental health is also a key aspect of the disorder.

Recording sleep aids GP diagnosis process

Those suspecting they suffer from sleep apnoea should book an appointment with their GP, as early diagnosis helps prevent further complications. Dr Banerjee recommends recording audio or video of one's sleep before the visit to provide evidence for a more informed decision. If a doctor suspects the condition, they may refer the patient to a specialist clinic for overnight monitoring using devices, which can often be done at home.

Treatment varies based on test results and severity. For some, lifestyle changes such as quitting smoking, avoiding alcohol, and losing weight improve sleep quality. More serious sufferers may receive a continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) machine. These devices gently pump air into a mask worn over the nose and mouth during sleep to help improve breathing and alleviate symptoms.

NHS Inform data indicates that around a third of Brits struggle to get enough sleep each night. While various factors contribute to poor sleep, Dr Banerjee emphasizes that identifying and treating sleep apnoea leads to much better sleep quality and overall quality of life. He advises against delaying professional consultation given the potential physical and mental health risks involved.