Researchers Quantify Computer Games' Impact on Cognitive Abilities

The influence of computer games on cognitive abilities remains a widely debated topic. A recent article published in the journal Acta Psychologica attempts to resolve this ongoing controversy.

The study's authors identified a correlation between gaming and cognitive skills, providing a quantitative estimate of this relationship. They conducted three meta-analyses encompassing correlational studies, comparisons between gamers and non-gamers, and controlled experiments published between January 2005 and August 2025. The review included 133 studies involving a total of 14,245 participants.

Each study underwent critical evaluation before being classified and ranked according to quality. The results were aggregated based on five main cognitive domains, including spatial abilities and visual attention.

The findings indicated that computer games generally offer a small yet statistically significant cognitive advantage to players. This conclusion was supported by both observational studies and comparisons between experienced gamers and non-gamers.

The article stated: "When analyzing individual cognitive indicators, a statistically significant association appeared only in the domain of memory, suggesting that video games may be more consistently linked to memory-related skills. A possible explanation is that individuals who spend more time gaming actively engage memory skills during gameplay."

Comparisons of cognitive abilities between gamers and non-gamers in observational studies revealed a correlation coefficient of 0.22. Put simply, the average IQ of computer gamers was approximately five to seven points higher than that of non-gamers.

Controlled experimental comparisons showed a smaller difference of 0.088, equivalent to about two to three points on the Eysenck scale. The researchers suggested this might imply that gaming does not necessarily increase intelligence; rather, individuals with higher cognitive abilities may be more inclined to play games initially.

The analysis also considered additional factors, finding that the effect size varied only slightly based on gender, age, cultural background (Eastern or Western), health status, intervention duration, or game type.

The researchers concluded that games might be more beneficial for children and adolescents due to greater brain plasticity at younger ages. They also proposed that gaming could serve as a supportive tool for older adults in preventing cognitive decline.